Kathmandu, Nepal — In a strong move to tackle growing cybercrime, the Government of Nepal has introduced the Information Technology and Cyber Security Bill 2081 in Parliament. This new bill aims to modernize Nepal’s cyber laws, replacing the old Electronic Transactions Act, 2063, and introducing strict punishments for a wide range of cyber offenses.

If passed, the bill will impose penalties including fines and jail terms of up to five years for crimes such as hacking, phishing, AI misuse, and online harassment. The goal is to protect Nepal’s digital space and ensure safer online experiences for everyone.

Harsh Penalties for Serious Cyber Threats

One of the most significant parts of the bill is Clause 80, which targets actions that threaten national cybersecurity or disrupt critical data systems. Offenders could face up to five years in prison or fines up to NPR 1 million, or both. This is aimed at preventing cyberterrorism and protecting vital infrastructure.

Crackdown on Hacking and Data Theft

Unauthorized access to computer systems, tampering with data, or deleting information for personal gain can lead to up to three years in jail and fines up to NPR 500,000. Stealing or changing source codes is also punishable by similar terms. Even smaller offenses like unauthorized account access can result in two years imprisonment and fines.

Addressing Social Media Crimes and Privacy Violations

The bill also focuses on social media-related crimes, which have been increasing. Creating or sharing obscene content can lead to two years in jail and fines up to NPR 200,000. Collecting personal information illegally, recording private conversations, or leaking confidential data may bring penalties of up to two years in prison and fines up to NPR 300,000.

Password Misuse, Phishing, and Spoofing

Using someone else’s password or digital identity for harmful purposes can result in one year of imprisonment and fines up to NPR 100,000. Phishing, spoofing, or stealing sensitive codes like PINs could lead to two years in jail and fines up to NPR 200,000.

New Rules for AI and IoT Crimes

Recognizing modern technology challenges, the bill treats crimes committed through Artificial Intelligence (AI) as if done by a human. Attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) devices will also be punishable by up to two years in prison and fines.

Corporate Responsibility and Assistance in Cybercrime

The bill holds companies accountable by making CEOs or managing directors personally liable if their organizations commit cybercrimes. Anyone helping in cyber offenses will face half the punishment of the main offender.

Why This Bill Matters

With digital fraud, online abuse, and data breaches on the rise, Nepal’s new cybercrime bill is a bold step toward a safer internet. It updates outdated laws and addresses new technologies, sending a clear message that cybercrime will not be tolerated.

This legislation will protect citizens, businesses, and government institutions, helping Nepal build a secure and trustworthy digital future.